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The Neponset River is a river in eastern Massachusetts in the United States. Its headwaters are at the Neponset Reservoir in Foxborough, near Gillette Stadium. From there, the Neponset meanders generally northeast for about to its mouth at Dorchester Bay between Quincy and the Dorchester section of Boston, near the painted gas tank. The Neponset River forms the southern boundary of the city of Boston, passing through the neighborhoods of Readville, Hyde Park, Mattapan and Dorchester, and forming with the northern border of the city of Quincy. In addition, the Neponset touches the towns of Foxborough, Walpole, Sharon, Norwood, Canton, Westwood, Dedham, and Milton. The Neponset River is fed by a drainage basin of about 130 square miles, a watershed that includes numerous aquifers, wetlands, streams and surrounding upland areas.〔 Some 250,000 people live in the Neponset River watershed, which in addition to the towns listed above, includes portions of Stoughton, Medfield, Dover, and Randolph. A tributary of the Neponset River located in Canton, Massachusetts, is called the Canton River, which flows under the Canton Viaduct. == History == Before Europeans arrived, the area was inhabited by Algonquian-speaking Native American tribes. The ''Wamsutta site'' (19-NF-70) is a paleoindian site, which was dated to 10210 ± 60 BP).〔Jim Chandler ''On the Shore of a Pleistocene Lake: The Wamsutta Site (19-NF-70) M.A.S.'' In: ''Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society'' 62 (2001) 52-62. It is a.ka. ''Neponset/Wamsutta site''.〕 Evidence of habitation along the Neponset River also includes the Middle Archaic (ca. 5000 BC) at sites such as Green Hill near the Blue Hills. The river's recorded history begins in 1619 when the English began fur trading on Thompson's Island, where Native Americans used the Neponset River to bring skins for sale. The falling waters of the Neponset provided the energy for the country's first water-powered grist mill, gunpowder mill, paper mill and the Revere Copper Company, among others. The upper stretch of the Neponset River, in Foxborough, Walpole and Norwood, is steeply sloped, dropping about 228 feet (69 m) over its first 12 miles, (19 km) and so the earliest years of the Industrial Revolution brought the Neponset to prominence. In 1635, Israel Stoughton built the first dam on the Neponset (only the second dam in the entire New World) for his grist mill. It was the first of three mills for flour, gunpowder and paper making. In 1640, shipbuilding began at Gulliver's Creek Wharf and in 1673 John Trescott built a lumber mill on the river. In 1765, a chocolate mill was established by Dr. James Baker and Irish immigrant John Hannon (later known as Baker's Chocolate) in the Lower Mills section of Dorchester, and in 1770 Daniel Vose's Wholesale Shipping Warehouses at the second Milton Town Landing at Lower Mills were at the peak of their operation. Ship building and commercial shipping were the major river industries at the estuary. In 1773, George Clark built a paper mill on remnants of Trescott's Lumber Mill, which became the Tileston and Hollingsworth Paper Mill in 1836. And in 1826, the river became the terminus of the Granite Railway, the first commercial railway in the United States. This river was central to the establishment of the town of Walpole. After much remediation, the Neponset is now cleaner than it has been in almost two centuries. At present, two dams block fish from entering the river; there is some pressure for their removal. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Neponset River」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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